LPIC-1 Exam 101 (101-500)

Determine and configure hardware settings including enabling and disabling integrated peripherals, differentiating between various types of mass storage devices, determining hardware resources for devices, tools and utilities to list various hardware information (lsusb, lspci, etc.), tools and utilities to manipulate USB devices, conceptual understanding of sysfs, udev and dbus. Boot the system including providing common commands to the boot loader and options to the kernel at boot time, demonstrating knowledge of the boot sequence from BIOS/UEFI to boot completion, understanding of SysVinit and systemd, awareness of Upstart, checking boot events in the log files. Change runlevels / boot targets and shutdown or reboot system including setting the default runlevel or boot target, changing between runlevels / boot targets including single user mode, shutdown and reboot from the command line, alerting users before switching runlevels / boot targets or other major system events, properly terminating processes, awareness of acpid.

Design hard disk layout including allocating filesystems and swap space to separate partitions or disks, tailoring the design to the intended use of the system, ensuring the /boot partition conforms to the hardware architecture requirements for booting, knowledge of basic features of LVM. Install a boot manager including providing alternative boot locations and backup boot options, installing and configuring a boot loader such as GRUB Legacy, performing basic configuration changes for GRUB 2, interacting with the boot loader. Manage shared libraries including identifying shared libraries, identifying the typical locations of system libraries, loading shared libraries. Use Debian package management including installing, upgrading and uninstalling Debian binary packages, finding packages containing specific files or libraries which may or may not be installed, obtaining package information like version, content, dependencies, package integrity and installation status, awareness of apt. Use RPM and YUM package management including installing, re-installing, upgrading and removing packages using RPM, YUM and Zypper, obtaining information on RPM packages such as version, status, dependencies, integrity and signatures, determining what files a package provides, as well as finding which package a specific file comes from, awareness of dnf. Linux as a virtualization guest including understanding the general concept of virtual machines and containers, understanding common elements virtual machines in an IaaS cloud, understanding unique properties of a Linux system which have to changed when a system is cloned or used as a template, understanding how system images are used to deploy virtual machines, cloud instances and containers, understanding Linux extensions which integrate Linux with a virtualization product, awareness of cloud-init.

Work on the command line including using single shell commands and one line command sequences to perform basic tasks on the command line, using and modifying the shell environment including defining, referencing and exporting environment variables, using and editing command history, invoking commands inside and outside the defined path. Process text streams using filters including sending text files and output streams through text utility filters to modify the output using standard UNIX commands found in the GNU textutils package. Perform basic file management including copying, moving and removing files and directories individually, copying multiple files and directories recursively, removing files and directories recursively, using simple and advanced wildcard specifications in commands, using find to locate and act on files based on type, size, or time, usage of tar, cpio and dd. Use streams, pipes and redirects including redirecting standard input, standard output and standard error, piping the output of one command to the input of another command, using the output of one command as arguments to another command, sending output to both stdout and a file. Create, monitor and kill processes including running jobs in the foreground and background, signaling a program to continue running after logout, monitoring active processes, selecting and sorting processes for display, sending signals to processes. Modify process execution priorities including knowing the default priority of a job that is created, running a program with higher or lower priority than the default, changing the priority of a running process. Search text files using regular expressions including creating simple regular expressions containing several notational elements, understanding the differences between basic and extended regular expressions, understanding the concepts of special characters, character classes, quantifiers and anchors, using regular expression tools to perform searches through a filesystem or file content, using regular expressions to delete, change and substitute text. Basic file editing including navigating a document using vi, understanding and using vi modes, inserting, editing, deleting, copying and finding text in vi, awareness of Emacs, nano and vim, configuring the standard editor.

Create partitions and filesystems including managing MBR and GPT partition tables, using various mkfs commands to create various filesystems such as ext2/ext3/ext4, XFS, VFAT, exFAT, basic feature knowledge of Btrfs including multi-device filesystems, compression and subvolumes. Maintain the integrity of filesystems including verifying the integrity of filesystems, monitoring free space and inodes, repairing simple filesystem problems. Control mounting and unmounting of filesystems including manually mounting and unmounting filesystems, configuring filesystem mounting on bootup, configuring user mountable removable filesystems, using labels and UUIDs for identifying and mounting file systems, awareness of systemd mount units. Manage file permissions and ownership including managing access permissions on regular and special files as well as directories, using access modes such as suid, sgid and the sticky bit to maintain security, knowing how to change the file creation mask, using the group field to grant file access to group members. Create and change hard and symbolic links including creating links, identifying hard and/or soft links, copying versus linking files, using links to support system administration tasks. Find system files and place files in the correct location including understanding the correct locations of files under the FHS, finding files and commands on a Linux system, knowing the location and purpose of important file and directories as defined in the FHS.