LPIC-1 Exam 102 (102-500)

Customize and use the shell environment including setting environment variables (e.g. PATH) at login or when spawning a new shell, writing Bash functions for frequently used sequences of commands, maintaining skeleton directories for new user accounts, setting command search path with the proper directory. Customize or write simple scripts including using standard sh syntax (loops, tests), using command substitution, testing return values for success or failure or other information provided by a command, executing chained commands, performing conditional mailing to the superuser, correctly selecting the script interpreter through the shebang (#!) line, managing the location, ownership, execution and suid-rights of scripts.

Install and configure X11 including understanding of the X11 architecture, basic understanding and knowledge of the X Window configuration file, overwriting specific aspects of Xorg configuration such as keyboard layout, understanding the components of desktop environments such as display managers and window managers, managing access to the X server and display applications on remote X servers, awareness of Wayland. Graphical Desktops including awareness of major desktop environments, awareness of protocols to access remote desktop sessions. Accessibility including basic knowledge of visual settings and themes, basic knowledge of assistive technology.

Manage user and group accounts and related system files including adding, modifying and removing users and groups, managing user/group info in password/group databases, creating and managing special purpose and limited accounts. Automate system administration tasks by scheduling jobs including managing cron and at jobs, configuring user access to cron and at services, understanding systemd timer units. Localisation and internationalisation including configuring locale settings and environment variables, configuring timezone settings and environment variables.

Maintain system time including setting the system date and time, setting the hardware clock to the correct time in UTC, configuring the correct timezone, basic NTP configuration using ntpd and chrony, knowledge of using the pool.ntp.org service, awareness of the ntpq command. System logging including basic configuration of rsyslog, understanding of standard facilities, priorities and actions, querying the systemd journal, filtering systemd journal data by criteria such as date, service or priority, configuring persistent systemd journal storage and journal size, deleting old systemd journal data, retrieving systemd journal data from a rescue system or file system copy, understanding interaction of rsyslog with systemd-journald, configuration of logrotate, awareness of syslog and syslog-ng. Mail Transfer Agent (MTA) basics including creating e-mail aliases, configuring e-mail forwarding, knowledge of commonly available MTA programs (postfix, sendmail, exim) (no configuration). Manage printers and printing including basic CUPS configuration (for local and remote printers), managing user print queues, troubleshooting general printing problems, adding and removing jobs from configured printer queues.

Fundamentals of internet protocols including demonstrating an understanding of network masks and CIDR notation, knowledge of the differences between private and public dotted quad IP addresses, knowledge about common TCP and UDP ports and services (20, 21, 22, 23, 25, 53, 80, 110, 123, 139, 143, 161, 162, 389, 443, 465, 514, 636, 993, 995), knowledge about the differences and major features of UDP, TCP and ICMP, knowledge of the major differences between IPv4 and IPv6, knowledge of the basic features of IPv6. Persistent network configuration including understanding basic TCP/IP host configuration, configuring ethernet and wi-fi network configuration using NetworkManager, awareness of systemd-networkd. Basic network troubleshooting including manually configuring network interfaces, including viewing and changing the configuration of network interfaces using iproute2, manually configuring routing, including viewing and changing routing tables and setting the default route using iproute2, debugging problems associated with the network configuration, awareness of legacy net-tools commands. Configure client side DNS including querying remote DNS servers, configuring local name resolution and using remote DNS servers, modifying the order in which name resolution is done, debugging errors related to name resolution, awareness of systemd-resolved.

Perform security administration tasks including auditing a system to find files with the suid/sgid bit set, setting or changing user passwords and password aging information, being able to use nmap and netstat to discover open ports on a system, setting up limits on user logins, processes and memory usage, determining which users have logged in to the system or are currently logged in, basic sudo configuration and usage. Setup host security including awareness of shadow passwords and how they work, turning off network services not in use, understanding the role of TCP wrappers. Securing data with encryption including performing basic OpenSSH 2 client configuration and usage, understanding the role of OpenSSH 2 server host keys, performing basic GnuPG configuration, usage and revocation, using GPG to encrypt, decrypt, sign and verify files, understanding SSH port tunnels (including X11 tunnels).