LPI Linux Essentials (010-160)

Knowledge of Linux development and major distributions including Debian, Ubuntu (LTS), CentOS, openSUSE, Red Hat, SUSE, Linux Mint, Scientific Linux, Raspberry Pi, Raspbian, and Android. Awareness of major open source applications including desktop applications (OpenOffice.org, LibreOffice, Thunderbird, Firefox, GIMP), server applications (Nextcloud, ownCloud, Apache HTTPD, NGINX, MariaDB, MySQL, NFS, Samba), development languages (C, Java, JavaScript, Perl, shell, Python, PHP), and package management tools (dpkg, apt-get, rpm, yum). Understanding of open source philosophy, open source licensing including Copyleft and Permissive licenses (GPL, BSD, Creative Commons), Free Software Foundation (FSF), Open Source Initiative (OSI), Free Software, Open Source Software, FOSS, FLOSS, and open source business models. Basic Information and Communication Technology (ICT) skills including desktop skills, getting to the command line, industry uses of Linux, cloud computing and virtualization, using a browser, privacy concerns, configuration options, searching the web and saving content, terminal and console, password issues, privacy issues and tools, and use of common open source applications in presentations and projects.

Basics of using the Linux command line including basic shell, command line syntax, variables, and quoting. Understanding of Bash, echo, history, PATH environment variable, export, and type commands. Running help commands and navigation of the various help systems including man pages, info pages, /usr/share/doc/, and locate. Navigation of home and system directories and listing files in various locations including files, directories, hidden files and directories, home directories, absolute and relative paths, common options for ls, recursive listings, cd, . and .., home and ~. Creating, moving and deleting files and directories under the home directory including files and directories, case sensitivity, simple globbing, mv, cp, rm, touch, mkdir, and rmdir commands.

Archiving files in the user home directory including files, directories, archives, compression, tar, common tar options, gzip, bzip2, xz, zip, and unzip. Searching and extracting data from files in the home directory including command line pipes, I/O redirection, basic regular expressions using ., [], *, and ?, grep, less, cat, head, tail, sort, cut, and wc commands. Turning repetitive commands into simple scripts including basic shell scripting, awareness of common text editors (vi and nano), #! (shebang), /bin/bash, variables, arguments, for loops, echo, and exit status.

Knowledge of major operating systems and Linux distributions including differences between Windows, OS X and Linux, distribution life cycle management, GUI versus command line, desktop configuration, maintenance cycles, beta and stable. Familiarity with the components that go into building desktop and server computers including hardware, motherboards, processors, power supplies, optical drives, peripherals, hard drives, solid state disks and partitions, /dev/sd*, and drivers. Understanding where various types of information are stored on a Linux system including programs and configuration, processes, memory addresses, system messaging, logging, ps, top, free, syslog, dmesg, /etc/, /var/log/, /boot/, /proc/, /dev/, and /sys/. Querying vital networking configuration and determining the basic requirements for a computer on a Local Area Network (LAN) including Internet, network, routers, querying DNS client configuration, querying network configuration, route, ip route show, ifconfig, ip addr show, netstat, ss, /etc/resolv.conf, /etc/hosts, IPv4, IPv6, ping, and host.

Understanding of various types of users on a Linux system including root and standard users, system users, /etc/passwd, /etc/shadow, /etc/group, id, last, who, w, sudo, and su. Creating users and groups on a Linux system including user and group commands, user IDs, /etc/passwd, /etc/shadow, /etc/group, /etc/skel/, useradd, groupadd, and passwd. Understanding and manipulating file permissions and ownership settings including file and directory permissions and ownership, ls -l, ls -a, chmod, and chown. Understanding of special directories and files on a Linux system including special permissions, using temporary files and directories, symbolic links, /tmp/, /var/tmp/ and Sticky Bit, ls -d, and ln -s.